Add support for Transcend ESD310 (Silicon Motion SM2320, 0x2174:0x2100)

[wiki798]

Just bought a new portable SSD / USB flash drive Transcend ESD310C TS512GESD310C. smartctl -x /dev/sdb didn't output SMART data, so I tried smartctl -x -d sat /dev/sdb. This in turn gave me some sensible Attributes, some Unknown_Attribute and Unknown_SSD_Attribute and a lot of [...] failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode errors. Additionally, the interface is reported as SATA, but this is not a SATA device nor does it have a SATA or NVMe bridge, it has a USB-native UFD controller SM2320.
I tried running self-tests (all of these once: short, long, offline, conveyance) with smartctl -t long -d sat /dev/sdb, but none worked, instead I got [...] failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode each time.
I run badblocks -wsvt random -b 512 -p 1 /dev/sdb and redone smartctl -x -d sat /dev/sdb, hopefully this helps decipher some of the Unknown_Attribute.

List of errors:

Warning! SMART Attribute Data Structure error: invalid SMART checksum.
Warning! SMART Attribute Thresholds Structure error: invalid SMART checksum.

Read SMART Log Directory failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode

ATA_READ_LOG_EXT (addr=0x00:0x00, page=0, n=1) failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode
Read GP Log Directory failed

Read SMART Error Log failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode

Read SMART Self-test Log failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode

ATA_READ_LOG_EXT (addr=0x11:0x00, page=0, n=1) failed: scsi error unsupported scsi opcode
Read SATA Phy Event Counters failed

Summary:

1. Is this a faulty device, completely or only partially and therefore should be returned?
2. What is the low(er) level cause of all the reported problems? So that I and anybody that finds this can understand what's happening here in detail.
3. Add support for self-tests, self-test log and error log if possible. Deal with the SMART invalid checksums.
4. Add device to smartctl.h and make smartctl -x /dev/sdb work just like smartctl -x -d sat /dev/sdb does.

Example CrystalDiskInfo output: ​https://images.anandtech.com/reviews/das/2021-/pssd/Transcend-ESD310C-Portable-SSD-1TB/CDI.png
Device info:
​https://www.anandtech.com/show/18920/transcend-esd310c-dualinterface-ufd-review-silicon-motion-powers-portable-ssd-in-a-thumb-drive
​https://transcend-info.com/product/portable-ssd/esd310

More info about the Silicon Motion SM2320 controller:
​https://www.siliconmotion.com/products/Portable/detail
​https://www.siliconmotion.com/download/3fu/a/SM2320_PB_EN.pdf
​https://www.anandtech.com/show/16942/usb-32-gen-2x2-portable-ssds-go-native-the-silicon-motion-sm2320-ufd-controller-preview
Other devices using this controller: Crucial X9 Pro CT4000X9SSD9, Crucial X10 Pro CT1000X10PROSSD9, Kingston DataTraveler Max DTMAX/1TB, Kingston DataTraveler Max Type-A DTMAXA/1TB, Kingston XS2000 SXS20002000G, Kingston XS1000 SXS1000/2000G, ADATA Elite UE800 AELIUE800512GCSG

[wiki798]

smartctl -x /dev/sdb

[wiki798]

smartctl -x -d sat /dev/sdb - on a brand new disk

[wiki798]

smartctl -x -d sat /dev/sdb - after 1 badblocks pass was done

[Christian Franke]

The SM2320 is an USB->NAND controller without an internal detour via ATA or NVMe protocol. There is not need for such a device to support ATA- or NVMe-like diagnostic information. USB mass storage devices are accessed via SCSI protocol, so there may be SCSI-like diagnostic available but this is usually not the case for such devices (try smartctl -d scsi ...).

The output suggests that the firmware has SAT support to access ATA SMART Attributes but no further ATA SMART features (unsupported scsi opcode). The invalid SMART checksum is a harmless firmware bug.

All we could do is to add the attribute set (if known) and USB-Id to the drive database.

[Christian Franke]

USB Id added in r5600, r5602.

Leaving ticket open as undecided because the attribute set is still unknown.

[Daniel Mulholland]

FWIW, here's what I get with smartctl -d scsi for a Kingston XS2000 SSD

$ smartctl -d scsi /dev/sdf

smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.0-18-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

SCSI device successfully opened

Use 'smartctl -a' (or '-x') to print SMART (and more) information

root@alexandria:/media/hypomonen_xenen# smartctl -d scsi /dev/sdf -a
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.1.0-18-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Vendor:               Kingston
Product:              XS2000
Compliance:           SPC-4
User Capacity:        4,096,805,658,624 bytes [4.09 TB]
Logical block size:   512 bytes
LU is resource provisioned, LBPRZ=1
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 bd_len=0
Logical Unit id:      0x5000000000000001
Serial number:        50026B72836E8763
Device type:          disk
scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 bd_len=0
Local Time is:        Mon Jan  6 18:33:17 2025 NZDT
SMART support is:     Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is:     Disabled
Temperature Warning:  Disabled or Not Supported

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Health Status: OK

Current Drive Temperature:     38 C
Drive Trip Temperature:        0 C

Error Counter logging not supported

scsiModePageOffset: response length too short, resp_len=4 offset=4 bd_len=0
Device does not support Self Test logging